Git¶

Configuration¶

Global¶

~/.gitconfig

Tips & tricks¶

Identify distinct file extensions¶

The following command pipeline prints all distinct file extensions, or filenames if the filename has no extension:

find -- . -type d -name .git -prune -o \! -type d -print0 \
  | gawk -v RS='\0' -v ORS='\0' -- '{ match($0, /\/([^\/]+)$/, a); s = a[1]; print match(s, /(\.[^.]+)$/, a) ? a[1] : s }' \
  | sort -fuz \
  | gawk -v RS='\0' -v ORS='\n' -- '{ print gensub(/[^[:print:]]+/, "�", "g") }'

This helps with creating gitignore and gitattributes files.

Debug gitignore patterns¶

The following command pipeline prints a four-column table that may be useful for debugging gitignore patterns:

find -- . -type d -name .git -prune -o \! -type d -print0 \
  | sort -fz \
  | git check-ignore -nvz --no-index --stdin \
  | gawk -v RS='\0' -v ORS='\n' -- '{ print gensub(/[^[:print:]]+/, "�", "g") }' \
  | paste -s -d '\t\t\t\n' -- - \
  | awk -v FS='\t' -v OFS='\t' -- '{ print $4, $1, $2, $3 }' \
  | column -t -s $'\t'

The four columns:

path of a file being queried
pattern's source file
line number of the pattern within that source
matching pattern

If some file does not match a gitignore pattern, then all columns except (1) will be empty.

Debug `text` and `eol` attributes¶

The following command pipeline prints a four-column table that may be helpful for debugging the text and eol attributes. Among other things, it prints the file content identification used by Git when the text attribute is auto (or not set and the core.autocrlf config option is not false).

read -r -d '' GAWK_PROG << 'EOF' || true
BEGIN {
  RS = "\0"
  OFS = "\t"
  ORS = "\n"
}
{
  match($0, /^([^ ]+) +([^ ]+) +([^\t]+)\t(.+)$/, a)
  a[3] = gensub(/ +$/, "", "g", a[3])
  a[4] = gensub(/[^[:print:]]+/, "�", "g", a[4])
  print a[1], a[2], a[3], a[4]
}
EOF

git ls-files -coz --eol --exclude-standard \
  | gawk -- "${GAWK_PROG}" \
  | sort -f -t $'\t' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -k 4,4 \
  | column -t -s $'\t'

The four columns:

eolinfo of the contents in the index for the path. Possible values:
```
i/
i/-text
i/crlf
i/lf
i/mixed
i/none
```
eolinfo of the contents in the worktree for the path. Possible values:
```
w/
w/-text
w/crlf
w/lf
w/mixed
w/none
```

eolattr that applies to the path. Possible values:

eolattr/
eolattr/-text
eolattr/text
eolattr/text eol=crlf
eolattr/text eol=lf
eolattr/text=auto
eolattr/text=auto eol=crlf
eolattr/text=auto eol=lf

path

Renormalize repository¶

After modifying a gitattributes file, run the following from a clean working directory:

git add --renormalize -- .
git commit -m 'git add --renormalize -- .'